Bronchitis: Here are the three areas in the epidemic stage

Bronchitis: Here are the three areas in the epidemic stage

Bronchitis

In recent times, bronchiolitis has made an early and concerning return to France, affecting not only the mainland but also overseas regions and departments. The Île-de-France, Martinique, and Guadeloupe have been particularly hit and have been placed on epidemic alert.

This is a distressing situation for parents, as bronchiolitis, a wintertime epidemic, leads to numerous hospitalizations each year. Between 2022 and 2023, there have been over 70,000 emergency room admissions due to this respiratory infection.

As per a bulletin published on October 11 by Santé Public France, there has been a significant increase in this respiratory infection in France recently. It has specifically targeted a region of metropolitan France and two overseas territories: Île-de-France, Guadeloupe, and Martinique.

Who Is Affected, and How to Identify It?

While respiratory infections can affect anyone, children under 2 years of age are the most vulnerable to contamination. Fortunately, bronchiolitis is usually benign and is typically caused by a respiratory virus that inflames the walls of the small airways called bronchioles.

However, infants under two months can develop a more severe form of the illness that requires hospitalization. The most at-risk infants are premature babies, those exposed to smoking, those with heart disease, or those with lung fragility.

Bronchiolitis is characterized by respiratory distress, with the primary symptoms being coughing and rapid, wheezing breathing. It is easily treatable, but recognizing it is crucial. It is highly contagious and spreads through bronchial secretions, such as sneezing or nasal discharge, as well as direct contact with contaminated objects. Bronchiolitis typically lasts for about ten days, with the first two days requiring more vigilant monitoring.

Increase in Infections in France

According to Santé Public France, "The increases are comparable to those observed in the previous two years during the same period, indicating an early resurgence of bronchiolitis-related activity." The report shows that out of 6,411 medical procedures performed by SOS doctors on children under two years of age, 334 were related to bronchiolitis, accounting for 5%. "Among the 503 hospitalized children, 470 (93%) were under the age of one. There was an increase in hospitalizations following emergency room visits for bronchiolitis in children under 2 years old (+11% compared to the previous week)," the health agency added. The report also highlights the presence of other viruses currently circulating, such as rhinovirus, which can induce bronchiolitis.

As a result of the numerous cases reported in Île-de-France, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, these areas have been classified as in an epidemic phase. Other regions and departments, like Guyane and Occitanie, have been placed in a pre-epidemic phase and are under close observation.

While this epidemic is not highly severe, the health agency emphasizes the need for vigilance and proactive measures to prevent infection risks.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the resurgence of bronchiolitis, particularly in the regions of Île-de-France, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, is a concerning issue. The epidemic, though usually not life-threatening, can have serious consequences for infants, especially those with pre-existing health conditions. As the season progresses, it's essential for parents and caregivers to remain vigilant and follow preventive measures to protect their little ones from this highly contagious respiratory infection.